Diagnosing ADHD in the UK
In England, Scotland and Wales the GPs in England, Scotland and Wales are not able to diagnose ADHD. However, they can refer you to a specialist on the NHS for an assessment. This is referred to as a "right to choose' referral.
An ADHD assessment is usually thorough and may take between 45 and 90 minutes. The psychiatrist may request you to fill out questionnaires or provide evidence like old school records.
Assessment
The first step in managing ADHD effectively is to get an assessment. Without a diagnosis, people don't know what to do to manage their symptoms and improve their performance at work, school, and in relationships. While everyone exhibits an occasional impulsivity or hyperactivity from time to time those with ADHD exhibit these behaviors regularly. They are chaotic and have difficulty making plans. They tend to delay their work and have trouble meeting deadlines even despite their best efforts. They might be physically fidgety, inability to remain still, and find it easy to become distracted even when enjoying a fun activity. They may also have trouble with their memory, avoiding appointments or other important events.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults is more difficult than it is for children. The diagnostic criteria in the DSM-V - the mental health manual used by doctors all over the world - are geared toward diagnosing children, and it is harder to establish ADHD symptoms in adults. The process of assessment is based on clinical sessions with the specialist.
The clinician will ask about the person's behavior over their lifetime taking into consideration their symptoms and how they have affected their lives. If they are deemed appropriate and have their consent the interview, they may also ask family members or close relatives of the individual. This method is especially useful when evaluating an adult for ADHD, as it helps to differentiate the disorder from other medical conditions like emotional disorders or sleep disorders or autism spectrum disorders, as well as mood changes.
To ensure that the assessment to be accurate the person being evaluated must be honest and open in their answers. They must be prepared to respond to a multitude of questions and expect that the interview will take the majority of the time. Bring any documentation or other information that could be relevant to your assessment like an allergy history, medical history or other medical conditions. They must be aware that a physician might require a variety of tests and questionnaires to make an informed decision.
Medication
Adults and children with ADHD symptoms may benefit from medication. This usually happens after a specialist assessment, such as a psychiatrist or an obstetrician. The specialist will discuss with you the most effective treatment options once a diagnosis has been made. This may involve medication, therapy or a combination.
A psychiatrist will look for clusters of symptoms as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to determine an ADHD diagnosis. They also look at the effects of the symptoms on your life. Included in this is the effects of the symptoms on your relationships, school, work and other activities at home. They also take into consideration the fact that the symptoms are present since childhood.
ADHD medications are usually stimulants, such as dexamphetamine and methylphenidate (Ritalin). They are effective by increasing neurotransmitters in the brain. Your doctor may begin you on the lowest dose, and gradually increase it based on your symptoms. They will also monitor you closely for side effects.
If you have a history of other mental health issues, it's essential to tell your GP. This will enable them to determine whether your ADHD symptoms are connected to these illnesses.
People suffering from ADHD are more likely to be suffering from comorbid disorders, such as depression or an anxiety disorder. They are also more likely to experience'meltdowns' which occur when they are overwhelmed with emotions. They might yell, cry and scream all at the same time. It's like a child throwing an angry tantrum.
Some people suffering from ADHD are more prone to developing stomach aches, headaches and nosebleeds. Therefore, it is important to check for medical problems, like sleep apnea, problems with vision and hearing, thyroid problems and lead poisoning during your assessment. It's also worth noting that some foods and drinks can trigger ADHD-like symptoms. It's best to stay clear of caffeine, sugary and processed foods and artificial flavors and colours. Your psychiatrist can provide advice on how to manage your ADHD symptoms during an assessment.
Shared Management
Unmanaged ADHD symptoms can cause people to experience difficulties at work or in relationships. These issues can have a direct effect on their physical wellbeing and health. It is therefore essential to ensure they receive the proper treatment and assistance from a healthcare professional who has the experience and training required to manage ADHD.
The NHS provides a variety of services to children and young people with ADHD that includes assessment, medication and support. The service is provided by healthcare professionals who have undergone specialist training in ADHD management including Clinical Psychologists and psychiatrists. Assessment of children and adolescents with ADHD could include taking a detailed psychosocial and developmental history, observing, and use of standardised questions and psychological tests. It could also involve consultation with parents and relatives.
In the UK those seeking help for ADHD are often greeted by a system that can either facilitate or hinder diagnosis and assistance. The knowledge and attitude of gatekeepers, as well as the availability of services, can affect the ease with which a child or young person with ADHD can navigate the system.
One of the main concerns raised by meeting attendees was that some CAMHS services have long waiting times and rejection rates for young and adolescents people with ADHD. When patients finally see a doctor they might be offered treatments that are not designed to meet their requirements. Representatives from charities have reported anecdotal instances of children who suffer from severe comorbidities (such as self-harming behaviours and eating disorders) being refused access to treatment for these issues due to the fact that they were symptomatic of ADHD rather than an indication of mental distress and a need for immediate intervention.
The ability of GPs to treat ADHD is limited. They are responsible for diagnosing the condition, and refer patients to specialists if needed. Based on the GP's expertise and experience, he or they may recommend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or behavioural therapy to manage ADHD symptoms. They may also suggest that the patient seek private counseling with an expert psychologist in this area of mental health.
Support
In the UK, GPs can assess whether ADHD is likely and refer you to a specialist for further assessment. Recommended Resource site includes a thorough medical history, as well as the examination for any other health issues such as depression or anxiety. It's also important to look into other causes such as food allergies that could make symptoms worse.
Once a diagnosis has been confirmed, a medication can be prescribed to ease symptoms. This can be achieved through taking medication or an appointment with a therapist. In certain instances, diet adjustments can help to manage the symptoms. People who live with ADHD often find it difficult to receive the appropriate support. It is essential to find a service you can trust and will take the time to comprehend your needs. Support and assistance from family and friends can be very beneficial, as is as joining a peer group for people with ADHD. They can discuss their experiences and create strategies together.
Adults who suffer from ADHD might experience difficulties with getting the correct diagnosis or treatment because certain healthcare professionals have preconceived notions about what someone with ADHD 'looks like'. This could make difficult for those who are from minority groups to get a correct diagnosis, especially when they are of color or were born female.
Some adults seek private ADHD assessments in order to avoid delays and obstructions in NHS services and to receive an accurate diagnosis that they could use to apply for special assistance. However, doctors and other healthcare professionals have reasonable concerns about the legitimacy of privately formulated diagnoses and may deny treatment that are based on the results.
To lessen the impact of these issues It is possible to offer training to primary care professionals to enhance their knowledge of ADHD and its consequences on adults. It is also helpful to have clear ways for people who want to receive help and treatment.
People suffering from ADHD are able to enjoy a great quality of life when their symptoms are controlled. They are more productive and are more likely than peers with no ADHD to be successful in school and in the workplace. It's crucial to discuss your ADHD management with your family, teachers and friends.